Dynamic Hypertext Catalogues: Helping Users to Help Themselves

Electronic hypertext catalogues provide an important channel for information provision. However, static hypertext documents cannot be dynamically adapted to help the user find what he/she is looking for. We demonstrate that natural language generation techniques can be used to produce tailored hypertext documents, and we focus on two key benefits of the resulting DYNAMIC HYPERTEXT. First, documents can be tailored more precisely to an individual's needs and background, thus aiding the search process. Secondly, the incorporation of techniques for comparing catalogue items allows the user to search still more effectively. We describe the automatic generation of hypertext documents containing comparisons, with illustrations from two implemented systems. KEYWORDS: adaptive hypertext, dynamic hypertext, natural language generation, user modelling, discourse history INTRODUCTION The advent of on-line distributed hypertext systems and the world wide web (WWW) has led to the extensive popul..

Smart qualitative data (SQUAD): information extraction in a large document archive

In this paper, we present the results of an investigation into methodologies and technical solutions for exposing the structured metadata contained within digital qualitative data, to make them more shareable and exploitable. In particular, we develop mechanisms for using Information Extraction (IE) technology to provide user-friendly tools for semi-automating the process of preparing qualitative data in the social science domain for digital archiving, in order to archive enriched marked-up data

The Web as Dialogue:The Role of Natural Language Generation in Hypertext

A very common metaphor used when discussing the World Wide Web, and hypertextual systems in general, is that of navigation within a space. This is not the only way to think about hypertext, however: an alternative, and potentially richer, metaphor is to view a session with any such system as a dialogue, with the user and the system taking alternate turns in the conversation. This acknowledges the interactive nature of the experience, and may open up new ways of thinking about how the medium can be used. Unfortunately, existing hypertext systems are not up to the task. A true dialogue requires a conversational participant who is able to take account of the content of the dialogue so far, and to respond appropriately in context; existing hypertext systems are, by and large, providers of pre--written, canned material. By using natural language generation techniques, however, we can tailor the system's contributions to take account of the ongoing discourse context. In thi..

Proceedings of the Workshop on the Reuse of Web based Information

The proceedings are currently available online at: http://www-rocq.inria.fr/~vercoust/REUSE/WWW7-reuse.html where individual papers can be downloaded. However, this URL must not be regarded as permanent.These are the Proceeding of theWorkshop on the Reuse of Web Information that was held in conjunction with the Seventh International World Wide Web Conference, Brisbane, 14 April 19998

The Impact of Manipulation in Internet Stock Message Boards

Internet message boards are often used to spread information in order to manipulate financial markets. Although this hypothesis is supported by many cases reported in the literature and in the media, the real impact of manipulation in online forums on financial markets remains an open question. This paper is on the effect of manipulation in internet stock message boards on financial markets by employing a unique corpus of moderated messages to investigate market manipulation.Internet message board administrators use the process of moderation to restrict market manipulation. We find that manual supervision of stock message boards by moderators does not effectively protect Internet users against manipulation. By focusing on messages that have been moderated as manipulative due to ramping, we show ramping is positively related to market returns, volatility and volume. Stocks with higher turnover, lower price level, lower market capitalization and higher volatility are more common targets of ramping

Dynamics of core-excited ammonia: disentangling fragmentation pathways by complementary spectroscopic methods

Fragmentation dynamics of core-excited isolated ammonia molecules is studied by two different and complementary experimental methods, high-resolution resonant Auger spectroscopy and electron energy-selected Auger electron–photoion coincidence spectroscopy (AEPICO). The combined use of these two techniques allows obtaining information on different dissociation patterns, in particular fragmentation before relaxation, often called ultrafast dissociation (UFD), and fragmentation after relaxation. The resonant Auger spectra contain the spectral signature of both molecular and fragment final states, and therefore can provide information on all events occurring during the core-hole lifetime, in particular fragmentation before relaxation. Coincidence measurements allow correlating Auger electrons with ionic fragments from the same molecule, and relating the ionic fragments to specific Auger final electronic states, and yield additional information on which final states are dissociative, and which ionic fragments can be produced in timescales either corresponding to the core-hole lifetime or longer. Furthermore, we show that by the combined use of two complementary experimental techniques we are able to identify more electronic states of the NH2+ fragment with respect to the single one already reported in the literature

Neural marker of habituation at 5 months of age associated with deferred imitation performance at 12 months: a longitudinal study in the UK and the Gambia

Across cultures, imitation provides a crucial route to learning during infancy. However, neural predictors which would enable early identification of infants at risk of suboptimal developmental outcomes are still rare. In this paper, we examine associations between ERP markers of habituation and novelty detection measured at 1 and 5 months of infant age in the UK (n = 61) and rural Gambia (n = 214) and infants’ responses on a deferred imitation task at 8 and 12 months. In both cohorts, habituation responses at 5 months significantly predicted deferred imitation responses at 12 months of age in both cohorts. Furthermore, ERP habituation responses explained a unique proportion of variance in deferred imitation scores which could not be accounted for by a neurobehavioural measure (Mullen Scales of Early Learning) conducted at 5 months of age. Our findings highlight the potential for ERP markers of habituation and novelty detection measured before 6 months of age to provide insight into later imitation abilities and memory development across diverse settings

Measurement of the cross-section and charge asymmetry of WW bosons produced in proton-proton collisions at s=8\sqrt{s}=8 TeV with the ATLAS detector

This paper presents measurements of the $W^+ \rightarrow \mu^+\nu$ and $W^- \rightarrow \mu^-\nu$ cross-sections and the associated charge asymmetry as a function of the absolute pseudorapidity of the decay muon. The data were collected in proton--proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 8 TeV with the ATLAS experiment at the LHC and correspond to a total integrated luminosity of 20.2~\mbox{fb^{-1}}. The precision of the cross-section measurements varies between 0.8% to 1.5% as a function of the pseudorapidity, excluding the 1.9% uncertainty on the integrated luminosity. The charge asymmetry is measured with an uncertainty between 0.002 and 0.003. The results are compared with predictions based on next-to-next-to-leading-order calculations with various parton distribution functions and have the sensitivity to discriminate between them.Comment: 38 pages in total, author list starting page 22, 5 figures, 4 tables, submitted to EPJC. All figures including auxiliary figures are available at https://atlas.web.cern.ch/Atlas/GROUPS/PHYSICS/PAPERS/STDM-2017-13

Search for new phenomena in final states with an energetic jet and large missing transverse momentum in pp collisions at √ s = 8 TeV with the ATLAS detector

Results of a search for new phenomena in final states with an energetic jet and large missing transverse momentum are reported. The search uses 20.3 fb−1 of √ s = 8 TeV data collected in 2012 with the ATLAS detector at the LHC. Events are required to have at least one jet with pT > 120 GeV and no leptons. Nine signal regions are considered with increasing missing transverse momentum requirements between Emiss T > 150 GeV and Emiss T > 700 GeV. Good agreement is observed between the number of events in data and Standard Model expectations. The results are translated into exclusion limits on models with either large extra spatial dimensions, pair production of weakly interacting dark matter candidates, or production of very light gravitinos in a gauge-mediated supersymmetric model. In addition, limits on the production of an invisibly decaying Higgs-like boson leading to similar topologies in the final state are presente